AGP Executive Report

Judicial Retaliation in Western Sahara: In Geneva, Sahrawi lawyer Dr. Mohamed Hali told the UN Human Rights Council that Moroccan authorities are using the courts to punish and silence Sahrawi human rights defenders, urging protection for lawyers and an end to intimidation. Digital Surveillance Concerns: Aminatou Haidar warned at the UN that AI and digital tools are being used to intensify surveillance and harassment of Sahrawi women activists under occupation. El Guerguerat Security Talks: A first U.S. mission visit to Morocco’s El Guerguerat crossing focused on border security, counter-narcotics and human trafficking, highlighting the corridor’s role and the dispute’s flashpoint status. Spain Moves on Sahrawi Nationality: Spain’s parliament revived a bill to grant nationality to Sahrawis born under Spanish administration, after Foreign Minister José Manuel Albares backed the measure. Latin America Shift: Colombia’s right-wing president-elect Abelardo de la Espriella praised Morocco’s king, signaling a setback for Polisario in the region. UN Accountability Pressure: A new UN Security Council resolution on crimes against UN peacekeepers raises pressure on Polisario-linked attacks.

UN Security Council Accountability: The UN has unanimously adopted Resolution 2823 to ensure crimes against UN peacekeepers are investigated and prosecuted, raising pressure on Polisario-linked attackers after rocket strikes. U.S.-Morocco Border Security: A U.S. delegation made its first publicly announced visit to El Guerguerat to discuss border security, counter-narcotics and human trafficking, underscoring cooperation on a key West Africa trade corridor. Human Rights Watch on AI: Aminatou Haidar told the UN Human Rights Council that Morocco’s use of digital tools and AI risks intensifying surveillance and harassment of Sahrawi women defenders. Spain Nationality Push: Spain’s parliament revived a bill to grant nationality to Sahrawis born under Spanish administration, with a possible plenary vote soon after PSOE and Sumar moved closer. Western Sahara Diplomacy: Sahrawi Foreign Affairs Minister Beissat met Angola’s top diplomat in Luanda to deliver a message from Brahim Ghali, as ties and support for self-determination continue. Politics in Europe: British MPs urged the UK to back a self-determination referendum for Sahrawis and called for an end to “occupation” in Western Sahara.

UK Diplomacy & Rights: Six British MPs backed a motion urging the UK to push in the UN Security Council for a Sahrawi self-determination referendum, citing ongoing conflict and human rights abuses, and also calling on Ryanair to stop promoting tourism in Western Sahara as if it were Morocco. U.S.-Morocco Border Security: A U.S. delegation visited El Guergarate to discuss border security cooperation, anti-trafficking coordination, and protecting the key trade crossing—framing the move as a warning to destabilization attempts. Digital Rights Warning: Aminatou Haidar told the UN Human Rights Council that AI and digital tools risk boosting surveillance and discrimination against Sahrawi women human rights defenders under occupation. UN Accountability Push: The UN Security Council adopted a resolution aimed at ending impunity for crimes against UN peacekeepers, raising pressure after attacks blamed on Polisario-linked forces. Spain Politics on Nationality: In Spain, cross-party talks are set to resume on unfreezing a bill granting Spanish nationality to people born in Western Sahara during Spanish administration. Latin America Shift: Coverage highlights Colombia’s rightward turn and growing scrutiny of Polisario policy after the election of Abelardo de la Espriella.

UN Accountability: The UN Security Council unanimously adopted Resolution 2823 to ensure perpetrators of crimes against UN peacekeepers face justice, a move Polisario-linked militias are said to fear after attacks on the UN Mission in the Sahara. Diplomatic Outreach: Sahrawi Foreign Minister Mohamed Yeslem Beissat was received in Luanda by Angola’s Secretary of State for Foreign Relations, delivering a written message from Brahim Ghali and discussing political dialogue and support for Sahrawi positions. Humanitarian Solidarity: Brahim Ghali sent condolences to Venezuela’s acting president after earthquake victims, reaffirming Sahrawi solidarity with the Venezuelan people. Spanish Politics: Spain’s Congress is set to push forward a bill to grant Spanish nationality to people born in Western Sahara during Spanish administration, after PSOE and Sumar moved closer. Legal Pressure in Europe: SONREP warned the EU against including Western Sahara products in EU-Morocco trade arrangements, saying it would violate CJEU rulings requiring Sahrawi consent. International Advocacy: CODESA told the UN Committee of 24 that Morocco’s occupation includes land seizures, home destruction, and transfers to foreign companies without Sahrawi consent.

Spanish Politics: After a year of paralysis, Spain’s Congress justice subcommittee is set to meet Tuesday to restart a bill granting Spanish nationality to people born in Western Sahara during the Spanish administration, following a rapprochement between PSOE and Sumar and pressure from Sahrawi-origin MP Tesh Sidi. Latin America Watch: Colombia’s rightward shift after the election of Abelardo de la Espriella is putting Polisario policy under scrutiny, with Morocco banking on renewed ties as Bogota moves away from Gustavo Petro’s pro-Polisario stance. Diplomatic Outreach: Polisario leader Brahim Ghali sent congratulations to Ethiopia and Mozambique on major political and independence milestones, reaffirming solidarity and support for Sahrawi self-determination. EU Trade Fight: SONREP warned the EU against including products from “occupied Western Sahara” in EU-Morocco trade deals, saying it would breach CJEU rulings requiring Sahrawi consent. Parliamentary Solidarity: Italy’s Tuscany region announced a cross-party parliamentary group backing the Sahrawi cause and self-determination.

Diplomatic Congratulation: Polisario leader Brahim Ghali sent messages congratulating Ethiopia’s PM Abiy Ahmed Ali on electoral victory and Mozambique’s President Daniel Francisco Chapo on the 51st independence anniversary, stressing friendship and support for self-determination. Mozambique Talks: Ghali’s envoy delivered a written message to Mozambique’s President Chapo, with Maputo reaffirming backing for Sahrawis’ right to independence. UN and Western Sahara Politics: In New York, Sahrawi human rights defenders (CODESA) told the UN Committee on Decolonization about land seizures, home demolitions and transfers to foreign investors without Sahrawi consent. European Trade Pressure: SONREP warned the EU against including agricultural products from occupied Western Sahara in EU-Morocco trade deals, citing EU court rulings requiring Sahrawi consent. Spain Debate: Spanish lawmakers pushed for explanations after a drone attack attributed to Rabat, while a Canary Islands forum renewed calls to classify Polisario as terrorist. Solidarity Abroad: A cross-party Tuscany parliamentary group was announced to back the Sahrawi cause, and a Polisario delegation took part in Germany’s Die Linke congress.

Sahrawi-Diplomacy: Polisario leader Brahim Ghali sent congratulations to Mozambique President Daniel Francisco Chapo on the country’s 51st independence anniversary, stressing shared ties and support for Africa’s decolonization. Mozambique Talks: Ghali’s message was delivered by Sahrawi Foreign Affairs minister Mohamed Yeslem Beissat to Chapo, with Mozambique reaffirming backing for Sahrawis’ right to self-determination and independence. UN/Western Sahara Rights: In New York, Sahrawi human rights defenders (CODESA) told the UN Committee of 24 that Morocco’s occupation includes land seizures, home destruction, and transfers of land to foreign investors without Sahrawi consent. EU Trade Pressure: SONREP warned the European Commission against including agricultural products from occupied Western Sahara in EU-Morocco trade deals, saying it would violate EU court rulings requiring Sahrawi consent. Solidarity Abroad: Tuscany’s regional council in Italy announced a cross-party parliamentary group to support the Sahrawi cause and self-determination. Humanitarian/Refugees: Ghali attended a farewell ceremony for the outgoing UNHCR representative in Algeria, praising efforts supporting Sahrawi resilience in the refugee camps.

Diplomatic Outreach: In Maputo, Polisario Secretary-General Brahim Ghali’s written message was delivered by Foreign Affairs minister Mohamed Yeslem Beissat to Mozambique President Daniel Francisco Chapo, with Mozambique reaffirming support for Sahrawi self-determination and independence. UN & Human Rights Pressure: In New York, CODESA warned the UN Committee of 24 about land seizures, home demolitions and transfers to foreign investors in occupied Western Sahara, while African states reiterated calls for a self-determination referendum and UN responsibility for decolonization. EU Trade Fight: SONREP urged the EU to respect CJEU rulings and stop moves to include Western Sahara agricultural products in EU-Morocco trade arrangements without Sahrawi consent. Political Solidarity in Europe: Tuscany’s regional council announced a cross-party parliamentary group backing the Sahrawi cause, and a Polisario delegation visited Switzerland to strengthen parliamentary diplomacy. Spain Debate Over Security Label: Calls in Spain’s Canary Islands to classify Polisario as a terrorist group resurfaced at a forum focused on attacks attributed to the movement. Regional Diplomacy Update: UN envoy Staffan de Mistura met Mauritania’s president in Nouakchott after talks in Algeria and the Tindouf camps, as Algeria and Polisario show reluctance toward UNSC Resolution 2797’s autonomy-based process.

UN Diplomacy & C24: Morocco’s UN ambassador Omar Hilale told the Committee of 24 that the forum is stuck in an “outdated” decolonization script, arguing the dispute has moved on after Rabat’s autonomy push and Security Council track. UNHCR in Algeria: Polisario chief Brahim Ghali held separate farewell and honor ceremonies for outgoing UNHCR representative Alistair Bolton, thanking him for work in Sahrawi refugee camps. EU Trade Fight: SONREP warned the European Commission against including products from occupied Western Sahara in EU-Morocco trade deals, saying it would breach EU court rulings requiring Sahrawi consent. Spain Politics: ERC lawmakers in Spain plan to press Foreign Minister José Manuel Albares over what they say Morocco owes the king after a drone attack attributed to Rabat killed Polisario members. Italy Solidarity: Tuscany’s regional council announced a cross-party parliamentary group backing the Sahrawi right to self-determination. Human Rights Pressure: Sahrawi groups highlighted serious violations in occupied Western Sahara before the UN Committee on Decolonization, while NOVACT/ACAPS urged stronger international solidarity for defenders. Books & Memory: A new history book on Western Sahara was published in Hungary, adding to international research on the territory’s decolonization.

Parliamentary Pressure in Spain: Spain’s ERC plans to question Foreign Minister José Manuel Albares in Congress over what it says Morocco “owes the king” after a drone attack attributed to Rabat killed three Polisario members, with critics denouncing government “silence” and alleged double standards. UN Decolonization Debate: Morocco’s UN ambassador Omar Hilale pushed back at the UN C24, arguing the forum is stuck in an outdated decolonization script, as UN envoy Staffan de Mistura continues regional talks tied to Security Council Resolution 2797. EU Trade Fight: SONREP warned the EU against including products from occupied Western Sahara in EU-Morocco trade arrangements, saying it would breach EU court rulings requiring Sahrawi consent via the Polisario Front. Human Rights at UN Geneva: Sahrawi defenders and partners presented a 2025 annual report, citing nearly 170 documented violations, land confiscations, media blockades, and calls for accountability beyond documentation. Diplomacy and Solidarity: Polisario representatives met progressive parties in Germany’s Die Linke congress, while Sahrawi delegations also advanced parliamentary diplomacy in Switzerland. Humanitarian/Refugees: Brahim Ghali marked the end of UNHCR representative Alistair Bolton’s mission in Algeria, praising support for Sahrawi resilience. Spain Terrorism Designations: A Canary Islands forum renewed calls to classify Polisario as a terrorist group over attacks attributed to it in the 1970s-80s.

UN Humanitarian Diplomacy: Polisario Secretary-General Brahim Ghali bid farewell to outgoing UNHCR Algeria representative Alistair Bolton, praising his presence in Sahrawi refugee camps and support for resilience. Western Sahara Scholarship: A new Hungarian book, “Western Sahara and Hungary,” traces the territory’s history and decolonization using Eastern European archives. EU Trade Dispute: SONREP warned the European Commission against including products from occupied Western Sahara in EU-Morocco trade deals, saying it would breach Court of Justice rulings requiring Sahrawi consent. Human Rights Pressure: Sahrawi groups at the UN’s Committee of 24 in New York and the Human Rights Council in Geneva highlighted land confiscations, repression, and nearly 170 documented violations in 2025, calling for accountability beyond reports. Political Outreach: Polisario’s Germany delegation took part in Die Linke’s 10th congress, seeking stronger solidarity for self-determination. Spain Terrorism Debate: A Canary Islands forum renewed calls to classify Polisario as a terrorist organization over attacks attributed to it in the 1970s-80s. Algeria Detention Spotlight: French anti-racism group MRAP urged Morocco to release hunger-striking Sahrawi prisoner Naama Asfari. Regional Security Politics: A US Senate defense bill would push a 10-year plan to deepen defense cooperation with Morocco, raising stakes for the wider Sahara security landscape.

UN Humanitarian Diplomacy: Polisario Secretary-General Brahim Ghali bid farewell to outgoing UNHCR representative in Algeria, praising his work in Sahrawi refugee camps and coordination with UN agencies and MINURSO. Western Sahara Literature & Memory: A new Hungarian book, “Western Sahara and Hungary,” explores the territory’s history, colonial period and decolonization, drawing on Eastern European archives. EU Trade Dispute: SONREP warned the European Commission against including products from occupied Western Sahara in EU-Morocco trade arrangements, saying it would breach CJEU rulings requiring Sahrawi consent. Human Rights Pressure in Geneva: Sahrawi rights groups at the UN Human Rights Council presented a 2025 review, citing nearly 170 violations and calling for accountability amid bans on independent monitoring. Political Outreach: A Polisario parliamentary delegation visited Switzerland to strengthen diplomacy and raise awareness of human rights violations and the self-determination cause. Spain/Canary Islands Terrorism Forum: Victims’ groups urged Spain to reassess Polisario-linked attacks and push for terrorist designation, citing unresolved legal recognition and compensation.

Canary Islands Terror Designation Push: A forum in Spain’s Las Palmas urged authorities to reassess the Polisario Front’s status and consider designating it a terrorist group, citing attacks attributed to the movement in the 1970s-80s and calling for more victim recognition and accountability. EU Trade Warning: SONREP warned the European Commission against including agricultural products from occupied Western Sahara in EU-Morocco trade deals, saying it would breach CJEU rulings requiring Sahrawi consent. Disappeared Marked in Camps: AFAPREDESA held a “Memory and Justice” forum for the National Day of the Disappeared, demanding truth, fate disclosure, and justice for Sahrawi prisoners and missing persons. Rule of Law & Institutions: The Polisario’s National Council highlighted lectures on the Sahrawi judicial experience, stressing rule of law and institution-building. UN Rights Spotlight: In New York and Geneva, Sahrawi rights groups and African states renewed calls for self-determination and denounced ongoing violations, land confiscations, and restrictions on civic freedoms in occupied Western Sahara.

EU-Morocco Trade Row: SONREP warns the European Commission should not include agricultural products from occupied Western Sahara in EU-Morocco trade arrangements, saying it would breach CJEU rulings requiring Sahrawi consent via the Polisario Front. Human Rights & Accountability: In Geneva, Sahrawi and international groups launched a 2025 annual human rights report, with claims of nearly 170 violations, land confiscations, an information blockade, and calls for real accountability beyond documentation. Prisoners & Disappeared: AFAPREDESA marked the National Day of the Disappeared with demands to uncover the fate of detainees and achieve justice through national and international mechanisms. Political Diplomacy: A Polisario delegation took part in Germany’s Die Linke 10th Congress, seeking solidarity for self-determination and independence. UN Decolonization Push: African states reiterated support for Sahrawi self-determination at the UN Committee of 24, while UN envoy Staffan de Mistura continued consultations ahead of Security Council engagement. Detention Pressure: France’s MRAP urged Morocco to release hunger-striking Sahrawi prisoner Naama Asfari and comply with UN torture and detention decisions. Regional Politics: Morocco defended its autonomy plan at the UN Committee of 24 as the “realistic” path forward, rejecting referendum approaches.

State-building & rule of law: Polisario’s National Council president Bachir Mustapha Sayed opened a lecture series on the Sahrawi judicial experience, stressing that the Polisario strategy since the late 1980s has focused on consolidating the rule of law and strengthening institutions. Human rights at the UN: In New York, CODESA warned the UN Decolonization Committee that Morocco’s occupation includes land seizures, home demolitions and transfers of Sahrawi land to foreign investors without consent. Geneva accountability push: At the UN Human Rights Council, Sahrawi and international groups launched the 2025 annual human rights report, with claims of nearly 170 violations documented and calls for concrete action beyond reporting, amid an alleged information blockade and restrictions on civic freedoms. UN political track: UN envoy Staffan de Mistura met Mauritania’s president in Nouakchott as parties show reluctance to fully engage with UNSC Resolution 2797’s autonomy-based framework. Prisoner rights: France’s MRAP urged President Macron to press Morocco to release Sahrawi political prisoner Naama Asfari, who is on an open-ended hunger strike. Regional solidarity: African states including South Africa, Angola and Namibia reiterated support for Sahrawi self-determination before the UN C-24 committee.

UN Rights Pressure: A new UN Human Rights Council-linked report says nearly 170 human rights violations were documented in occupied Western Sahara in 2025, with activists warning the real toll is higher due to bans on independent monitoring and an information blockade. Accountability Call: Catherine Constantinides urged the international community to move beyond documenting abuses and push for concrete accountability, as Sahrawi freedoms face intimidation, surveillance, arbitrary detention and reprisals. Solidarity in Geneva: NOVACT and ACAPS renewed support for Sahrawi human rights defenders, saying the annual reporting helps break Morocco’s “wall of silence.” Diplomacy at the UN: African states again reaffirmed Sahrawi self-determination at the UN’s Committee of 24, calling for a UN-supervised referendum. UN Process Update: UN envoy Staffan de Mistura met Mauritania’s president in Nouakchott after talks with Algeria and Polisario, amid reluctance to fully engage with UNSC Resolution 2797’s autonomy-based political track. Prisoner Spotlight: France’s MRAP demanded Morocco release Sahrawi prisoner Naama Asfari, who has been on an open-ended hunger strike since 8 June.